Anti-BCMA and GPRC5D bispecific antibodies in relapsed/refractory primary plasma cell leukemia: a case report

Front Immunol. 2024 Nov 29:15:1495233. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1495233. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is an aggressive and high-risk variant of multiple myeloma (MM) with a very poor prognosis. Given its rarity and aggressiveness, there is a lack of clinical trials testing the efficacity of novel therapies in these patients. New immune approaches such as B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) and G protein-coupled receptor, family C, group 5, member D (GPRC5D) -targeting agents, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells and bispecific antibodies could play a role in PCL treatment. However, PCL patients were excluded from recent pivotal clinical trials testing those agents and only some case reports have been published. We present here the clinical course of a patient with relapsed/refractory (R/R) primary (p) PCL who was treated with anti-BCMA and anti-GPRC5D bispecific antibodies at our center.

Keywords: BCMA; GPRC5D; bispecific Ab; elranatamab; plasma cell leukemia (PCL); talquetamab.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Bispecific* / therapeutic use
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological / therapeutic use
  • B-Cell Maturation Antigen* / antagonists & inhibitors
  • B-Cell Maturation Antigen* / immunology
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Plasma Cell* / drug therapy
  • Leukemia, Plasma Cell* / immunology
  • Leukemia, Plasma Cell* / therapy
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled* / immunology
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antibodies, Bispecific
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
  • B-Cell Maturation Antigen
  • GPRC5D protein, human
  • TNFRSF17 protein, human
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Open access funding by University of Geneva.