Plasma exosomes from patients with coronary artery disease promote atherosclerosis via impairing vascular endothelial junctions

Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 30;14(1):29813. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-81352-8.

Abstract

The underlying mechanism of vascular endothelial hyperpermeability caused by decrease of endothelial junctions occurring in atherosclerosis remains elusive. Our findings identified that plasma exosomes from patients with stable coronary artery disease (ExoSCAD) contain differentially expressed miRNAs that are clustered with genes related to cell junctions, prompting us to investigate the role of ExoSCAD in regulating vascular endothelial junctions and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Here, we show that ExoSCAD markedly impair vascular endothelial junctions via suppressing VE-Cadherin and ZO-1 in endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo, consequently increases endothelial permeability. Critically, exosomal miR-140-3p plays a crucial role in ExoSCAD-induced inhibition of ZO-1, and may be an important causative factor in the development of endothelial hyperpermeability during atherosclerosis. Additionally, exosomal miR-140-3p level coordinates with severity of SCAD. Targeting miR-140-3p in circulating exosomes might open novel options for treatment of atherosclerosis.

Keywords: Atherosclerosis; Endothelial cell junctions; Plasma exosomes; Stable coronary artery disease; miR-140-3p.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Animals
  • Antigens, CD / genetics
  • Antigens, CD / metabolism
  • Atherosclerosis* / genetics
  • Atherosclerosis* / metabolism
  • Atherosclerosis* / pathology
  • Cadherins / genetics
  • Cadherins / metabolism
  • Coronary Artery Disease* / blood
  • Coronary Artery Disease* / genetics
  • Coronary Artery Disease* / metabolism
  • Coronary Artery Disease* / pathology
  • Endothelial Cells / metabolism
  • Exosomes* / metabolism
  • Female
  • Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Intercellular Junctions / metabolism
  • Male
  • Mice
  • MicroRNAs* / genetics
  • MicroRNAs* / metabolism
  • Middle Aged
  • Zonula Occludens-1 Protein / genetics
  • Zonula Occludens-1 Protein / metabolism

Substances

  • MicroRNAs
  • Cadherins
  • Mirn140 microRNA, human
  • Zonula Occludens-1 Protein
  • cadherin 5
  • Antigens, CD
  • TJP1 protein, human