Chylothorax contains an abundant amount of immunoglobulins and white blood cells, leading to the belief that superimposed pleural infection is unlikely. We report two cases of biochemically confirmed chylothorax due to cirrhosis, complicated by superimposed pleural infection following repeated pleural interventions. These findings highlight the potential for superimposed infection in chylothorax and challenge the belief in the bacteriostatic effect of chyle. Clinical vigilance is essential to consider this possibility if features of infection arise during the management of chylothorax.
Keywords: chylomicrons; chylothorax; cirrhosis; pleural infection; triglyceride.
© 2024 The Author(s). Respirology Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of The Asian Pacific Society of Respirology.