Breast Cancer Local Recurrence Risk in Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction with Macrotexturized and Microtexturized Prosthesis: A Multicentric Retrospective Cohort Study

Valeriano Vinci; Francesco Klinger; Riccardo Di Giuli; Andrea Vittorio Emanuele Lisa; Barbara Catania; Stefano Vaccari; Edoardo Caimi; Emanuele Pitassi; Jacopo Di Filippo; Damiano Gentile; Corrado Tinterri; Gerardus Johannes Janszen; Marco Klinger

doi:10.1055/s-0044-1787059

Breast Cancer Local Recurrence Risk in Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction with Macrotexturized and Microtexturized Prosthesis: A Multicentric Retrospective Cohort Study

Indian J Plast Surg. 2024 May 30;57(5):372-378. doi: 10.1055/s-0044-1787059. eCollection 2024 Oct.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.
² Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
³ Department of Health Sciences, Ospedale San Paolo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
⁴ Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine BIOMETRA, Plastic Surgery Unit, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
⁵ Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
⁶ Breast Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.
⁷ Department of Aerospace Science and Technology, Politecnico of Milan, Milan, Italy.

Abstract

Background Nowadays, implant-based breast reconstruction is a common technique after mastectomy. The widespread use of implant employment is prompting significant concerns regarding the oncological safety of prostheses and the potential impact of surface texture on the recurrence of local breast cancer. This article examines the oncological outcomes associated with postmastectomy breast reconstructions using micro- and macrotexturized implants, focusing on the incidence and relative risk (RR). Materials and Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients admitted to Multimedica group (IRCCS, San Giovanni Hospital, Milan) and ICH groups (Humanitas Clinical Institute, Milan) between January 2003 and September 2020. Minimum follow-up considered was of 1 year. Patients submitted to either complete or nipple-spearing mastectomy, who underwent breast reconstruction with macrotexturized or microtexturized prosthesis, were included in group A and B, respectively. Results A total of 646 patients met the basic inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group A included 410 (63.5%) patients and group B included 236 (36.5%). Cancer recurrence absolute risk in group A was 5.6 ± 2.2% and in group B was of 2.1 ± 1.8%. RR for breast cancer recurrence in group A compared to group B was of 2.65; confidence interval 95% (1.02; 6.87). Statistical analysis identified a higher local recurrence risk in patients reconstructed with macrotexturized prosthesis ( p -value 0.036). Conclusion This study detected a higher risk for local breast cancer recurrence associated to macrotexturized breast implants employment. Further investigations are required to verify these outcomes.

Keywords: breast cancer recurrence; breast reconstruction; macrotexturized implants; microtexturized implants.

Association of Plastic Surgeons of India. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ).