Current status for utilization of cold resistance genes and strategies in wheat breeding program

Front Genet. 2024 Oct 22:15:1473717. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1473717. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Low temperature chilling is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting growth and yield of Triticum aestivum L. With global climate change, the risk of cold damage in wheat production has increased. In recent years, with the extensive research on wheat chilling resistance, especially the development of genetic engineering technology, the research on wheat chilling resistance has made great progress. This paper describes the mechanism of wheat cold damage, including cell membrane injury, cytoplasmic concentration increased as well as the imbalance of the ROS system. Mechanisms of cold resistance in wheat are summarised, including hormone signalling, transcription factor regulation, and the role of protective enzymes of the ROS system in cold resistanc. Functions of cloned wheat cold resistance genes are summarised, which will provide a reference for researchers to further understand and make use of cold resistance related genes in wheat. The current cold resistant breeding of wheat relies on the agronomic traits and observable indicators, molecular methods are lacked. A strategy for wheat cold-resistant breeding based on QTLs and gene technologies is proposed, with a view to breeding more cold-resistant varieties of wheat with the deepening of the research.

Keywords: Triticum aestivum L.; breeding strategy; cold resistance; gene; mechanism.

Publication types

  • Review

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. The work was supported by Open Project of Key Laboratory of Crop Quality improvement of Anhui Province (2024ZW005) and Joint research project on Wheat Breeding of Anhui Province (2021–2025).