Deciphering the Genetic Architecture of Staphylococcus warneri Prophage vB_G30_01: A Comprehensive Molecular Analysis

Viruses. 2024 Oct 19;16(10):1631. doi: 10.3390/v16101631.

Abstract

The current knowledge of Staphylococcus warneri phages is limited, with few genomes sequenced and characterized. In this study, a prophage, vB_G30_01, isolated from Staphylococcus warneri G30 was characterized and evaluated for its lysogenic host range. The phage was studied using transmission electron microscopy and a host range. The phage genome was sequenced and characterized in depth, including phylogenetic and taxonomic analyses. The linear dsDNA genome of vB_G30_01 contains 67 predicted open reading frames (ORFs), classifying it within Bronfenbrennervirinae. With a total of 10 ORFs involved in DNA replication-related and transcriptional regulator functions, vB_G30_01 may play a role in the genetics and transcription of a host. Additionally, vB_G30_01 possesses a complete set of genes related to host lysogeny and lysis, implying that vB_G30_01 may influence the survival and adaptation of its host. Furthermore, a comparative genomic analysis reveals that vB_G30_01 shares high genomic similarity with other Staphylococcus phages and is relatively closely related to those of Exiguobacterium and Bacillus, which, in combination with the cross-infection assay, suggests possible cross-species infection capabilities. This study enhances the understanding of Staphylococcus warneri prophages, providing insights into phage-host interactions and potential horizontal gene transfer.

Keywords: CNS prophage; Staphylococcus warneri; genomic analysis; transcriptional regulator.

MeSH terms

  • DNA, Viral / genetics
  • Genome, Viral*
  • Genomics / methods
  • Host Specificity*
  • Lysogeny*
  • Open Reading Frames*
  • Phylogeny*
  • Prophages* / genetics
  • Prophages* / physiology
  • Staphylococcus Phages* / classification
  • Staphylococcus Phages* / genetics
  • Staphylococcus Phages* / physiology
  • Staphylococcus Phages* / ultrastructure
  • Staphylococcus* / genetics
  • Staphylococcus* / virology

Substances

  • DNA, Viral