Development of infectious clones of mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV, Begomovirus vignaradiataindiaense) infecting mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] and evaluation of a RIL population for MYMIV resistance

Nikki Kumari; Muraleedhar S Aski; Gyan Prakash Mishra; Anirban Roy; Harsh Kumar Dikshit; Shipra Saxena; Manju Kohli; Bikash Mandal; Subodh Kumar Sinha; Dwijesh Chandra Mishra; Md Firoz Mondal; Ranjeet Ranjan Kumar; Atul Kumar; Ramakrishnan M Nair

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0310003

Development of infectious clones of mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV, Begomovirus vignaradiataindiaense) infecting mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] and evaluation of a RIL population for MYMIV resistance

PLoS One. 2024 Oct 22;19(10):e0310003. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310003. eCollection 2024.

Affiliations

¹ Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
² Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
³ National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
⁴ Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
⁵ Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
⁶ Division of Seed Science and Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
⁷ World Vegetable Center, South Asia, ICRISAT Campus Patancheru, Hyderabad, India.

Abstract

Yellow mosaic disease (YMD) is a major constraint for the low productivity of mungbean, mainly in South Asia. Addressing this issue requires a comprehensive approach, integrating field and challenge inoculation evaluations to identify effective solutions. In this study, an infectious clone of Begomovirus vignaradiataindiaense (MYMIV) was developed to obtain a pure culture of the virus and to confirm resistance in mungbean plants exhibiting resistance under natural field conditions. The infectivity and efficiency of three Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains (EHA105, LBA4404, and GV3101) were evaluated using the susceptible mungbean genotype PS16. Additionally, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population comprising 175 lines derived from Pusa Baisakhi (MYMIV susceptible) and PMR-1 (MYMIV resistant) cross was developed and assessed for YMD response. Among the tested Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains, EHA105 exhibited the highest infectivity (84.7%), followed by LBA4404 (54.7%) and GV3101 (9.80%). Field resistance was evaluated using the coefficient of infection (CI) and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC), identifying seven RILs with consistent resistant reactions (CI≤9) and low AUDPC (≤190). Upon challenge inoculation, six RILs exhibited resistance, while RIL92 displayed a resistance response, with infection occurring in less than 10% of plants after 24 to 29 days post inoculation (dpi). Despite some plants remaining asymptomatic, MYMIV presence was confirmed through specific PCR amplification of the MYMIV coat protein (AV1) gene. Quantitative PCR revealed a very low relative viral load (0.1-5.1% relative fold change) in asymptomatic RILs and the MYMIV resistant parent (PMR1) compared to the susceptible parent (Pusa Baisakhi). These findings highlight the potential utility of the developed infectious clone and the identified MYMIV-resistant RILs in future mungbean breeding programs aimed at cultivating MYMIV-resistant varieties.

Copyright: © 2024 Kumari et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

MeSH terms

Agrobacterium tumefaciens* / genetics
Begomovirus* / genetics
Begomovirus* / pathogenicity
Begomovirus* / physiology
Disease Resistance* / genetics
Genotype
Plant Diseases* / genetics
Plant Diseases* / virology
Vigna* / genetics
Vigna* / microbiology
Vigna* / virology

Supplementary concepts

Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus

Grants and funding

This research was funded by Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), IARI, New Delhi, and SERB, New Delhi (CRG/2019/002024). The APC was funded by RN, World Vegetable Center, South Asia, ICRISAT Campus Patancheru, Hyderabad, India. RN acknowledges support from the long-term strategic donors of the World Vegetable Center namely, Taiwan, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), the UK Government’s Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO), Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), Germany, Thailand, Philippines, Korea, and Japan. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.