Objective: To explore the relationship between the hypertensive snowbirds' length of migratory stay and their blood pressure control and blood pressure levels. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. A population of snowbirds with hypertension was recruited between October and November 2022, and a structured questionnaire was used to collect their self-measured blood pressure and length of stay in Hainan Province. The blood pressure control status is determined based on self-measured blood pressure. According to the self-measured blood pressure to determine whether the blood pressure was well controlled. The associations between snowbirds' length of stay and their blood pressure control as well as their self-measured blood pressure were analyzed using restricted cubic splines. Results: A total of 362 research subjects were included, 169(46.7%) of whom were male, and their age was (69.7±7.0) years old. The participants' self-measured systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were (129.1±16.2) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and (78.9±10.1) mmHg, respectively. Overall, 174 (48.1%) participants attained adequate blood pressure control. The median length of stay in Wuzhishan City was 7(6, 7) months. There was an inverted U-shaped association between snowbirds' length of stay and blood pressure control (overall: P=0.023; nonlinearity: P=0.014), where participants with a length of stay of 7 months had the highest rate of blood pressure control. There is a U-shaped curve relationship between length of stay and systolic blood pressure (overall: P=0.001; nonlinearity: P=0.033), and a linear negative correlation with diastolic blood pressure (β=-1.19, P=0.003). Conclusions: Compared with hypertensive snowbirds with too long or too short lengths of stay, snowbirds who stayed in Wuzhishan City for seven months have better blood pressure control, and systolic blood pressure is also lower.
目的： 探究候鸟高血压患者的迁徙停留时间与其血压控制情况、血压水平之间的关系。 方法： 本研究为横断面研究。在2022年10至11月，从海南省五指山市社区内招募候鸟高血压患者，采用结构式调查表收集其自测血压和停留时间。根据自测血压判断血压控制情况是否良好。采用限制性立方样条，分析候鸟高血压患者停留时间与血压控制情况及自测血压水平之间的关联。 结果： 共纳入362例候鸟高血压患者，年龄为（69.7±7.0）岁，男性169例（46.7%），自测血压收缩压为（129.1±16.2）mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa），舒张压为（78.9±10.1）mmHg，血压控制率为48.1%（174/362），在五指山的停留时间为7（6，7）个月。候鸟高血压患者的停留时间与血压控制情况之间存在倒U型关联（总体：P=0.023；非线性检验：P=0.014），停留时间为7个月时血压控制情况最佳。停留时间与收缩压之间存在着U型曲线关系（总体：P=0.001；非线性检验：P=0.033），与舒张压之间存在线性负向关联（β=-1.19，P=0.003）。 结论： 与停留时间过短或过长的候鸟高血压患者相比，在五指山市停留时间在7个月左右的候鸟高血压患者血压控制情况好，且收缩压低。.