An insight from National Family Health Surveys on changing trends in prevalence and knowledge regarding T.B. in India

Indian J Tuberc. 2024 Oct;71(4):437-443. doi: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2023.08.008. Epub 2023 Aug 14.

Abstract

Background/objectives: Addressing gaps in knowledge about T.B. is a vital component of T.B.'s elimination to achieve the End T.B. strategy by 2025 in India. The present study compares the correct knowledge regarding T.B. by analysis of the nationally-representative secondary data of NFHS-4 (2015-16) and NFHS-5 (2019-20) data in India.

Methods: NFHS-4 and NFHS-5 secondary data on eleven T.B.-related questions analysis was done after seeking permission to use datasets from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program-sociodemographic details and Responses exported and analysed using M.S. Excel. Descriptive variables were represented as frequency and percentages. Z tests for proportions were used to compare and determine differences between NFHS-4 and NFHS-5 knowledge. Statistical significance was set at a p-value of <0.05.

Results: The correct knowledge regarding T.B. significantly rose from 457,399 (56.3%) in NFHS-4 to 507,517 (61.4%) in NFHS-5. However, a significant increase in incorrect knowledge about the other modes of transmission of T.B. and T.B. courtesy stigma in households from 95,985 (13.4%) in 2015-16 to 113,978 (14.9%) in 2019-20 was observed.

Conclusions: The correct knowledge of T.B. has significantly increased from NFHS-4 (2015-16) to NFHS-5 (2019-20). However, there is a significant increase in incorrect knowledge regarding the modes of transmission and stigmatising attitudes towards T.B. through improvement in the communication efforts in the National T.B. Elimination Programme (NTEP).

Keywords: Data analysis; Health surveys; India; Social Stigma; TB.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Family Health
  • Female
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice*
  • Health Surveys*
  • Humans
  • India / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prevalence
  • Social Stigma
  • Tuberculosis / epidemiology
  • Young Adult