Perceived Effects of COVID-19 on Vaccine Hesitancy and Clinician Discussion: A Qualitative Study

Pediatrics. 2024 Oct 1;154(4):e2024066819. doi: 10.1542/peds.2024-066819.

Abstract

Background and objectives: Studies note a high prevalence of pediatric coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-specific vaccine hesitancy in the United States. Our objective was to assess whether clinicians perceive a spillover effect of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy onto other vaccines, and the impact of this spillover on their general recommendation behavior.

Methods: We conducted semistructured interviews with pediatricians in California and Colorado pediatric practices (January-March 2023). We transcribed, coded, and analyzed interviews using content analysis.

Results: We interviewed 21 pediatricians (10 in California, 11 in Colorado). Clinicians observed some spillover effect of vaccine-favorable changes among some parents and greater hesitancy among others regarding the risks and benefits of childhood vaccination in general. This spillover was informed by 2 divergent patterns of parental trust in health systems and individual clinicians caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors driving perceived changes included media coverage, greater knowledge about vaccination, and misinformation. Some clinicians felt that their approach to vaccine recommendations became more patient-centered, whereas others reported declining engagement in persuading hesitant parents about vaccination.

Conclusions: Clinicians described a hardening of parental views toward vaccines in both directions, which impacted their recommendation behavior. There is a need for vaccine hesitancy monitoring and better training and support for clinicians facing vaccine hesitant parents.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Attitude of Health Personnel
  • COVID-19 Vaccines*
  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • COVID-19* / prevention & control
  • COVID-19* / psychology
  • California / epidemiology
  • Child
  • Colorado
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Interviews as Topic
  • Male
  • Parents* / psychology
  • Pediatricians* / psychology
  • Qualitative Research*
  • Trust
  • Vaccination Hesitancy* / psychology

Substances

  • COVID-19 Vaccines