Exomic and epigenomic analysis of pulmonary blastoma

Lung Cancer. 2024 Sep:195:107916. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2024.107916. Epub 2024 Aug 5.

Abstract

Objective: Pulmonary blastoma is a rare, biphasic, adult-onset lung tumor. In this study, we investigate whether DICER1 pathogenic variants are a feature of pulmonary blastomas through in-depth analysis of the molecular events defining them.

Methods: We performed exome-wide sequencing and DNA methylation profiling of 8 pulmonary blastomas from 6 affected persons.

Results: We identified biallelic somatic DICER1 pathogenic variants in 7 of 8 cases. The remaining case had a solitary missense pathogenic variant in the RNase IIIb domain of DICER1. Six of 8 cases carried a CTNNB1 hotspot variant and 4 of 8 had a somatic pathogenic variant in TP53. Methylation analysis showed that the pulmonary blastomas clustered with other DICER1-mutated tumors and not with other more common types of lung cancer.

Conclusion: We conclude somatic DICER1 pathogenic variants are the major driver of pulmonary blastoma and are likely to act in conjunction with CTNNB1 hotspot variants that are often present.

Keywords: CTNNB1; DICER1; Methylation; Pleuropulmonary blastoma; Pulmonary blastoma; Well differentiated lung adenocarcinoma.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • DEAD-box RNA Helicases* / genetics
  • DNA Methylation*
  • Epigenomics / methods
  • Exome / genetics
  • Exome Sequencing
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Lung Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mutation
  • Pulmonary Blastoma* / genetics
  • Pulmonary Blastoma* / pathology
  • Ribonuclease III* / genetics
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics
  • beta Catenin* / genetics

Substances

  • DEAD-box RNA Helicases
  • DICER1 protein, human
  • Ribonuclease III
  • beta Catenin
  • CTNNB1 protein, human
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53