Structural insights into the human NuA4/TIP60 acetyltransferase and chromatin remodeling complex

Science. 2024 Aug 23;385(6711):eadl5816. doi: 10.1126/science.adl5816. Epub 2024 Aug 23.

Abstract

The human nucleosome acetyltransferase of histone H4 (NuA4)/Tat-interactive protein, 60 kilodalton (TIP60) coactivator complex, a fusion of the yeast switch/sucrose nonfermentable related 1 (SWR1) and NuA4 complexes, both incorporates the histone variant H2A.Z into nucleosomes and acetylates histones H4, H2A, and H2A.Z to regulate gene expression and maintain genome stability. Our cryo-electron microscopy studies show that, within the NuA4/TIP60 complex, the E1A binding protein P400 (EP400) subunit serves as a scaffold holding the different functional modules in specific positions, creating a distinct arrangement of the actin-related protein (ARP) module. EP400 interacts with the transformation/transcription domain-associated protein (TRRAP) subunit by using a footprint that overlaps with that of the Spt-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase (SAGA) complex, preventing the formation of a hybrid complex. Loss of the TRRAP subunit leads to mislocalization of NuA4/TIP60, resulting in the redistribution of H2A.Z and its acetylation across the genome, emphasizing the dual functionality of NuA4/TIP60 as a single macromolecular assembly.

MeSH terms

  • Acetylation
  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
  • Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly*
  • Cryoelectron Microscopy
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / chemistry
  • Histones / chemistry
  • Humans
  • Lysine Acetyltransferase 5* / chemistry
  • Nuclear Proteins / chemistry
  • Nucleosomes / chemistry
  • Nucleosomes / ultrastructure
  • Protein Domains
  • Transcription Factors / chemistry

Substances

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Histones
  • KAT5 protein, human
  • Lysine Acetyltransferase 5
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • Nucleosomes
  • Transcription Factors
  • transformation-transcription domain-associated protein