Factors influencing further vertebral height loss following percutaneous vertebroplasty in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: A 1-year follow-up study

Zhong-Qiu Tang; Shao-Bo He; Dong-Yang Yu; Hai-Mao Luo; Xue-Hong Xing; Yong-Wen Zhou

doi:10.12998/wjcc.v12.i21.4609

Factors influencing further vertebral height loss following percutaneous vertebroplasty in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: A 1-year follow-up study

World J Clin Cases. 2024 Jul 26;12(21):4609-4617. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i21.4609.

Authors

Zhong-Qiu Tang¹, Shao-Bo He¹, Dong-Yang Yu¹, Hai-Mao Luo¹, Xue-Hong Xing¹, Yong-Wen Zhou²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Spinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan Province, China.
² Department of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan Province, China. andyzhouyongwen@163.com.

Abstract

Background: Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) contribute to back pain and functional limitations in older individuals, with percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) emerging as a minimally invasive treatment. However, further height loss post-PVP prompts investigation into contributing factors.

Aim: To investigate the factors associated with further height loss following PVP with cement augmentation in OVCF patients.

Methods: A total of 200 OVCF patients who underwent successful PVP between January 2021 and December 2022 were included in this study. "Further height loss" during 1 year of follow-up in OVCF patients with bone edema was defined as a vertical height loss of ≥ 4 mm. The study population was divided into two groups for analysis: The "No Further Height Loss group (n = 179)" and the "Further Height Loss group (n = 21)."

Results: In comparing two distinct groups of patients, significant differences existed in bone mineral density (BMD), vertebral compression degree, prevalence of intravertebral cleft (IVF), type of bone cement used, and cement distribution patterns. Results from binary univariate regression analysis revealed that lower BMD, the presence of IVF, cleft distribution of bone cement, and higher vertebral compression degree were all significantly associated with further height loss. Notably, the use of mineralized collagen modified-poly(methyl methacrylate) bone cement was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of further height loss. In multivariate regression analysis, lower BMD and the presence of IVF remained significantly associated with further height loss.

Conclusion: Further height loss following PVP in OVCF patients is influenced by a complex interplay of factors, especially lower BMD and the presence of IVF. These findings underscore the importance of assessing and managing these factors when addressing height loss following PVP in OVCF patients.

Keywords: Bone mineral density; Further height loss; Intravertebral cleft; Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures; Percutaneous vertebroplasty.