Prepandemic Metabolic Correlates of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Severity and Long COVID Incidence in People Living With HIV

Priyesh Agrawal; Leila B Giron; Shalini Singh; Nel Jason Haw; Aaron R Goldman; Mohamed Elkaeid; Bernard Macatangay; Frank J Palella; Maria L Alcaide; Caitlin A Moran; Seble G Kassaye; Nathan Erdmann; Kara W Chew; Michelle Floris-Moore; Aruna Chandran; Michael H Augenbraun; Anjali Sharma; Clovis Palmer; Alan L Landay; Michael J Peluso; Ali Keshavarzian; Todd T Brown; Phyllis C Tien; Mohamed Abdel-Mohsen

doi:10.1093/infdis/jiae362

Prepandemic Metabolic Correlates of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Severity and Long COVID Incidence in People Living With HIV

J Infect Dis. 2024 Oct 16;230(4):912-918. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiae362.

Authors

Priyesh Agrawal¹, Leila B Giron², Shalini Singh², Nel Jason Haw³, Aaron R Goldman², Mohamed Elkaeid², Bernard Macatangay⁴, Frank J Palella⁵, Maria L Alcaide⁶, Caitlin A Moran⁷, Seble G Kassaye⁸, Nathan Erdmann⁹, Kara W Chew¹⁰, Michelle Floris-Moore¹¹, Aruna Chandran³, Michael H Augenbraun¹², Anjali Sharma¹³, Clovis Palmer^{14

15}, Alan L Landay¹⁶, Michael J Peluso¹⁷, Ali Keshavarzian^{16

18}, Todd T Brown¹⁹, Phyllis C Tien¹⁷, Mohamed Abdel-Mohsen²

Affiliations

¹ Adaptive Phage Therapeutics, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA.
² The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
³ Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
⁴ Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
⁵ Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
⁶ Infectious Diseases Research Unit, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
⁷ Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
⁸ Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
⁹ School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
¹¹ School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
¹² Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, USA.
¹³ Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
¹⁴ Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA.
¹⁵ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
¹⁶ Department of Medicine, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
¹⁷ Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
¹⁸ Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
¹⁹ School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

PMID: 39011957
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae362

Abstract

Host metabolic dysregulation, especially in tryptophan metabolism, is intricately linked to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity and its postacute sequelae (long COVID). People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PLWH) experience similar metabolic dysregulation and face an increased risk of developing long COVID. However, whether preexisting HIV-associated metabolic dysregulations contribute in predisposing PLWH to severe COVID-19 outcomes remains underexplored. Analyzing prepandemic samples from PLWH with documented postinfection outcomes, we found specific metabolic alterations, including increased tryptophan catabolism, predicting an elevated risk of severe COVID-19 and the incidence of long COVID. These alterations warrant further investigation for their potential prognostic and mechanistic significance in determining COVID-19 complications.

Keywords: COVID-19; HIV; long COVID; metabolites; tryptophan.

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MeSH terms

Adult
COVID-19* / complications
COVID-19* / epidemiology
COVID-19* / metabolism
Female
HIV Infections* / complications
Humans
Incidence
Male
Middle Aged
Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
SARS-CoV-2*
Severity of Illness Index*
Tryptophan / metabolism

Substances

Tryptophan

Abstract

MeSH terms

Substances

Grants and funding