Controversies on chemotherapy for early HR+/HER2- breast cancer: the role of anthracyclines and dose intensification

Curr Opin Oncol. 2024 Nov 1;36(6):495-502. doi: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001062. Epub 2024 Jun 12.

Abstract

Purpose of review: Use of adjuvant chemotherapy significantly reduces the risk of recurrence and improves overall survival (OS) in patients with early-stage breast cancer. However, few data are available on the efficacy of different adjuvant chemotherapy regimens and schedules in patients with hormone receptor positive/HER2-negative (HR+/HER2-) breast cancer. We aim to summarize the available evidence on the efficacy of adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy and of the dose-dense schedule in this specific patient population. Moreover, current controversies in the management of patients with early-stage HR+/HER2- breast cancer are discussed.

Recent findings: Patient-level meta-analysis evaluating the role of the addition of an anthracycline to taxane-based chemotherapy showed that recurrence rate was lower among patients receiving anthracycline-based treatment.Patient-level meta-analysis evaluating the role of different schedules of chemotherapy administration showed that the use of adjuvant dose-dense chemotherapy is associated with significant reduction in breast cancer recurrences and breast cancer mortality. Less evidence is available in the neoadjuvant setting.

Summary: For patients with high-risk HR+/HER2- breast cancer, (neo) adjuvant anthracycline and taxane-based chemotherapy, and a dose-dense regimen should still be considered the standard of care. However, in patients with intermediate risk breast cancer candidates to chemotherapy, anthracycline-free regimens could be considered the preferred treatment option.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Anthracyclines* / administration & dosage
  • Anthracyclines* / therapeutic use
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Breast Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Breast Neoplasms* / metabolism
  • Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Receptor, ErbB-2* / metabolism
  • Receptors, Estrogen / metabolism
  • Receptors, Progesterone / metabolism

Substances

  • Anthracyclines
  • Receptor, ErbB-2
  • Receptors, Estrogen
  • ERBB2 protein, human
  • Receptors, Progesterone