Prevalence and characteristics of chronic kidney disease in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Autonomous Community of Aragon

Prim Care Diabetes. 2024 Oct;18(5):555-560. doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2024.06.006. Epub 2024 Jul 10.

Abstract

Aims: The main objective in this study was to determine the prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in the Autonomous Community (AC) of Aragon (Spain) and to detect whether or not there is under-registration in the patient's history. As a secundary objetive, it was proposed to study the most relevant demographic and clinical characteristics of people with CKD.

Methods: Observational and retrospective real world data study of the population over 18 years of age with a diagnosis of T2DM, between January 2017 and December 2021. A descriptive analysis of qualitative and quantitative variables, and a comparison using the parametric Student's t-test or the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test between both groups was performed.

Results: The prevalence of T2DM was 8.07 % and that of CKD 31.4 %, with an under-reporting of 47 %. The main risk factor associated with CKD was arterial hypertension (p<0.001), followed by dyslipidemia (p<0.001). The main treatment used for diabetes control was metformin, both in patients with and without CKD (p<0.001). A total of 56.81 % of people with T2DM and CKD did not undergo annual monitoring of their renal function (glomerular filtration rate) or determination of albuminuria.

Conclusions: The prevalence of CKD increases in patients with T2DM (31.4 %), and in almost half of patients the diagnosis is not registered (47 %). This under-reporting delays the implementation of measures needed to prevent CKD progression.

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Diabetes; Prevalence.

Publication types

  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / epidemiology
  • Diabetic Nephropathies* / diagnosis
  • Diabetic Nephropathies* / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prevalence
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic* / diagnosis
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic* / epidemiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Spain / epidemiology

Substances

  • Hypoglycemic Agents