Objective: To investigate the relationship between the types of electromyogram (EMG) activity and sleep stability during rapid eye movement (REM) in patients with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder(RBD). Methods: One hundred and three patients with RBD who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from January 2017 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The general situation, clinical symptoms, sleep and emotion questionnaires and nocturnal PSG data were collected. According to the different proportions of tonic and phasic EMG activity, the group with a higher proportion of tonic EMG than phasic EMG was defined as the tonic dominant group, and the group with a higher proportion of phasic EMG than tonic was defined as the phasic dominant group. The sleep instability index was calculated according to the ratio of the number of transitions from sleep to wakefulness to the total sleep time of each sleep stage. Multiple linear regression was used to explore the relationship between REM EMG activity and sleep instability index. Results: A total of 35 idiopathic RBD (iRBD) patients were included, aged(54.5±18.2)years, with 17 males and 18 females. There were 27 RBD with Parkinson's disease (PD), with an average age of (59.4±7.9)years, including 17 males and 10 females. Additionally, there were 41 RBD patients with narcolepsy, aged (21.2±13.2)years, consisting of 22 males and 19 females. Both iRBD and RBD patients with PD had lower objective total sleep time, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, wake time after sleep onset and the percentage of N3 sleep compared to RBD with episodic sleep disorder (all P<0.05). N1-W index[M(Q1, Q3),10.6 (6.5, 16.9)/h vs 7.3 (4.7, 10.5)/h], N2-W index [4.0 (2.2, 5.6)/h vs 2.3 (1.5, 3.9)/h], NREM-W index [ (5.8±2.9)/h vs (4.5±3.2)/h] and REM-W index[ 3.9 (1.9, 7.3)/h vs 2.7 (1.0, 4.0)/h] in the phasic dominant group were higher than those in the tonic dominant group. After adjusting for confounding factors, the effect of phasic EMG dominant group on REM-W was higher than that in the tonic dominant group (β=2.05, 95%CI: 0.09-3.26, P=0.012). Conclusion: In RBD patients, the phasic EMG activity has a significant impact on sleep stability, especially on REM sleep stability.
目的： 探讨快速眼动睡眠行为障碍（RBD）患者快速眼动（REM）睡眠期肌电活动类型与睡眠稳定性的关系。 方法： 回顾性分析了2017年1月至2019年12月于空军军医大学第二附属医院就诊且符合纳入排除标准的103例RBD患者。收集一般情况、临床症状、睡眠及情绪相关问卷和夜间多导睡眠监测（PSG）数据。根据同一患者REM睡眠期紧张性和时相性肌电活动所占比例不同，紧张性肌电比例高于时相性肌电组定义为紧张性主导组，时相性肌电比例高于紧张性组定义为时相性主导组。依据睡眠期向清醒期的转换次数与睡眠各分期总睡眠时间的比值计算睡眠不稳定性相关指数。应用多元线性回归探索REM期肌电活动与睡眠不稳定性相关指数之间的联系。 结果： 共纳入特发性RBD（iRBD）患者35例，年龄（54.5±18.2）岁，男17例，女18例；RBD伴帕金森病（PD）患者27例，年龄（59.4±7.9）岁，男17例，女10例；RBD伴发作性睡病患者41例，年龄（21.2±13.2）岁，男22例，女19例。iRBD与RBD伴PD患者在客观睡眠总睡眠时间、睡眠潜伏期、睡眠效率、入睡后清醒时间、非快速眼动3期（N3）睡眠百分比均低于RBD伴发作性睡病患者（均P<0.05）。时相性主导组（n=33）非快速眼动1期-清醒（N1-W）转换指数［M（Q1，Q3），10.6（6.5，16.9）次/h比7.3（4.7，10.5）次/h］、非快速眼动2期-清醒（N2-W）转换指数［4.0（2.2，5.6）次/h比2.3（1.5，3.9）次/h］、非快速眼动-清醒（NREM-W）转换指数［（5.8±2.9）次/h比（4.5±3.2）次/h］和快速眼动-清醒（REM-W）转换指数［3.9（1.9，7.3）次/h比2.7（1.0，4.0）次/h］均高于紧张性主导组（n=70）（均P<0.05）。调整混杂因素后，时相性主导组患者对REM-W的影响高于紧张性主导组（β=2.05，95%CI：0.09~3.26，P=0.012）。 结论： RBD患者REM期时相性主导肌电活动可影响睡眠稳定性，尤其是REM睡眠。.