Objective: To explore the efficacy of venetoclax-based induction regimen for children with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods: Children with newly diagnosed AML in Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University and Baoding Hospital Affliliated to Capital Medical University from November 2019 and December 2023 were prospectively included. The patients were divided into DAH group (daunorubicin, cytarabine and homoharringtonine) and VAH group (venetoclax, cytarabine and homoharringtonine) according to induction regimen. The clinical data of the children were collected, the clinical characteristics and induced remission rate between the two groups were compared, and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors affecting the induced remission rate. Results: A total of 135 patients were enrolled, including 96 cases in the DAH group (54 males and 42 females), aged [M (Q1, Q3)] 6.4 (3.9, 11.6) years and 39 cases in the VAH group (26 males and 13 females), aged 8.0 (6.2, 13.2) years. Among patients initially diagnosed with low-medium risk AML, the morphologic complete remission rates were 94.7% (18/19) in the VAH group and 84.4% (38/45) in the DAH group, respectively, and the negativity conversion rates of minirnal residual disease (MRD) were 57.9% (11/19) and 46.7% (21/45), respectively, with no statistically difference (all P>0.05). Among patients initially diagnoised with high-risk AML, the morphologic complete remission rates in the VAH group was higher than that in the DAH group [95.0% (19/20) vs 70.6% (36/51), P=0.027], and negativity conversion rates of MRD were 45.0% (9/20) and 33.3% (17/51), respectively, with no statistically difference (P=0.359). The induction regimen (venetoclax, cytarabine and homoharringtonin) was beneficial to morphological remission (OR=0.126, 95%CI: 0.025-0.629). FLT3 mutation was not conducive to morphological remission (OR=5.832, 95%CI: 1.778-19.124) and negative MRD (OR=4.166, 95%CI: 1.396-12.433). Conclusion: Venetoclax-based induction regimen is more effective than traditional chemotherapy regimen for newly diagnosed pediatric AML.
目的： 探索以维奈克拉为基础的诱导方案对初诊儿童急性髓细胞白血病（AML）的疗效。 方法： 前瞻性纳入2019年11月至2023年12月于首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院和首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院保定医院新诊断的AML患儿，根据诱导方案将患者分为DAH组（柔红霉素联合阿糖胞苷、高三尖杉酯碱的传统诱导方案）和VAH组（维奈克拉联合阿糖胞苷、高三尖杉酯碱的诱导方案）。收集患儿的临床资料，比较2组间临床特征和诱导缓解率，通过多因素logistic回归模型分析诱导缓解率的影响因素。 结果： 共纳入135例患儿，DAH组96例，男54例，女42例，年龄［M（Q1，Q3）］为6.4（3.9，11.6）岁；VAH组39例，男26例，女13例，年龄8.0（6.2，13.2）岁。在初诊为低/中危患儿中，VAH组和DAH组的形态学完全缓解率分别为94.7%（18/19）和84.4%（38/45）；微小残留病（MRD）转阴率分别为57.9%（11/19）和46.7%（21/45），差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。在初诊为高危患儿中，VAH组的形态学完全缓解率高于DAH组［95.0%（19/20）比70.6%（36/51），P=0.027］；MRD转阴率分别为45.0%（9/20）和33.3%（17/51），差异无统计学意义（P=0.359）。诱导方案（维奈克拉联合阿糖胞苷、高三尖杉酯碱）有利于形态学缓解（OR=0.126，95%CI：0.025~0.629）；FLT3基因突变不利于形态学缓解（OR=5.832，95%CI：1.778~19.124）和MRD转阴（OR=4.166，95%CI：1.396~12.433）。 结论： 以维奈克拉为基础的诱导方案对初诊儿童AML疗效较传统化疗方案好。.