The circadian gene ARNTL2 promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma invasiveness and metastasis through suppressing AMOTL2-LATS-YAP pathway

Cell Death Dis. 2024 Jul 2;15(7):466. doi: 10.1038/s41419-024-06860-x.

Abstract

Metastasis is the major culprit of treatment failure in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator like 2 (ARNTL2), a core circadian gene, plays a crucial role in the development of various tumors. Nevertheless, the biological role and mechanism of ARNTL2 are not fully elucidated in NPC. In this study, ARNTL2 expression was significantly upregulated in NPC tissues and cells. Overexpression of ARNTL2 facilitated NPC cell migration and invasion abilities, while inhibition of ARNTL2 in similarly treated cells blunted migration and invasion abilities in vitro. Consistently, in vivo xenograft tumor models revealed that ARNTL2 silencing reduced nude mice inguinal lymph node and lung metastases, as well as tumor growth. Mechanistically, ARNTL2 negatively regulated the transcription expression of AMOTL2 by directly binding to the AMOTL2 promoter, thus reducing the recruitment and stabilization of AMOTL2 to LATS1/2 kinases, which strengthened YAP nuclear translocation by suppressing LATS-dependent YAP phosphorylation. Inhibition of AMOTL2 counteracted the effects of ARNTL2 knockdown on NPC cell migration and invasion abilities. These findings suggest that ARNTL2 may be a promising therapeutic target to combat NPC metastasis and further supports the crucial roles of circadian genes in cancer development.

MeSH terms

  • ARNTL Transcription Factors* / genetics
  • ARNTL Transcription Factors* / metabolism
  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing* / genetics
  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing* / metabolism
  • Angiomotins*
  • Animals
  • Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors / genetics
  • Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors / metabolism
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Movement* / genetics
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Nude*
  • Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma* / genetics
  • Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma* / metabolism
  • Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma* / pathology
  • Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms* / metabolism
  • Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness*
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / genetics
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction
  • Transcription Factors* / genetics
  • Transcription Factors* / metabolism
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins / genetics
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins / metabolism
  • YAP-Signaling Proteins* / metabolism

Substances

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
  • AMOTL2 protein, human
  • Angiomotins
  • ARNTL Transcription Factors
  • Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
  • LATS2 protein, human
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • Transcription Factors
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins
  • YAP-Signaling Proteins
  • YAP1 protein, human
  • BMAL2 protein, human