The place of beta-adrenergic receptor blockers in the treatment of arterial hypertension: From bench-to-bedside

Curr Probl Cardiol. 2024 Oct;49(10):102734. doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102734. Epub 2024 Jun 27.

Abstract

Arterial hypertension is a multifaceted condition influenced by numerous pathophysiological factors. The key contributors to its pathogenesis encompass an unhealthy lifestyle, dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system, alterations in the activity of adrenergic receptors, disruptions in sodium metabolism, structural and functional abnormalities in the vascular bed, as well as endothelial dysfunction, low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress etc. Despite extensive research into the mechanisms of arterial hypertension development over the centuries, its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood, and the selection of an effective treatment strategy continues to pose a significant challenge. Arterial hypertension is characterized by a diminished sensitivity of the β-adrenergic system, leading to the utilization of β-adrenergic blockers and other antihypertensive drugs in its treatment. This review delves into the mechanisms of action of beta-adrenergic receptor blockers in the treatment of hypertension and their respective effects.

Keywords: Arterial hypertension; Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers; Erythrocyte; Immune system; Nitric oxide.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists* / therapeutic use
  • Antihypertensive Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Hypertension* / drug therapy
  • Hypertension* / physiopathology

Substances

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
  • Antihypertensive Agents