Current practices in oncofertility counseling: updated evidence on fertility preservation and post-treatment pregnancies in young women affected by early breast cancer

Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2024 Sep;24(9):803-817. doi: 10.1080/14737140.2024.2372337. Epub 2024 Jul 9.

Abstract

Introduction: Anticancer treatments have significantly contributed to increasing cure rates of breast cancer in the last years; however, they can also lead to short- and long-term side effects, including gonadotoxicity, and compromised fertility in young women. Oncofertility is a crucial issue for young patients who have not yet completed their family planning at the time of cancer diagnosis.

Areas covered: This review aims to cover all the latest available evidence in the field of oncofertility, including the gonadotoxicity of currently adopted anticancer therapies in the curative breast cancer setting, the available strategies for fertility preservation and the feasibility of achieving a pregnancy following anticancer treatment completion.

Expert opinion: Over the past years, a significant progress has been made in oncofertility care for young women with breast cancer. In the context of the currently available evidence, every young woman with newly diagnosed breast cancer should receive a proper and complete oncofertility counseling before starting any anticancer treatment to increase her chances of future pregnancies.

Keywords: Anticancer treatments; breast cancer; fertility preservation; gonadotoxicity; oncofertility; oocytes/embryo cryopreservation; ovarian tissue cryopreservation; survivorship; young patients.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / adverse effects
  • Breast Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Breast Neoplasms* / therapy
  • Counseling*
  • Family Planning Services
  • Female
  • Fertility Preservation* / methods
  • Humans
  • Infertility, Female / chemically induced
  • Infertility, Female / etiology
  • Infertility, Female / prevention & control
  • Infertility, Female / therapy
  • Pregnancy

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents