Proteomic analysis of plasma in healthy adults receiving recombinant vaccinia virus provides novel insights into HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies

J Med Virol. 2024 Jun;96(6):e29749. doi: 10.1002/jmv.29749.

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is still a global public health issue, and the development of an effective prophylactic vaccine inducing potent neutralizing antibodies remains a significant challenge. This study aims to explore the inflammation-related proteins associated with the neutralizing antibodies induced by the DNA/rTV vaccine. In this study, we employed the Olink chip to analyze the inflammation-related proteins in plasma in healthy individuals receiving HIV candidate vaccine (DNA priming and recombinant vaccinia virus rTV boosting) and compared the differences between neutralizing antibody-positive (nab + ) and -negative(nab-) groups. We identified 25 differentially expressed factors and conducted enrichment and correlation analysis on them. Our results revealed that significant expression differences in artemin (ARTN) and C-C motif chemokine ligand 23 (CCL23) between nab+ and -nab- groups. Notably, the expression of CCL23 was negatively corelated to the ID50 of neutralizing antibodies and the intensity of the CD4+ T cell responses. This study enriches our understanding of the immune picture induced by the DNA/rTV vaccine, and provides insights for future HIV vaccine development.

Keywords: CCL23; HIV; inflammation‐related protein; neutralizing antibody; vaccines.

MeSH terms

  • AIDS Vaccines* / immunology
  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing* / blood
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing* / immunology
  • Female
  • HIV Antibodies* / blood
  • HIV Antibodies* / immunology
  • HIV Infections* / immunology
  • HIV-1* / genetics
  • HIV-1* / immunology
  • Healthy Volunteers
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Plasma / immunology
  • Proteomics*
  • Vaccines, DNA / immunology
  • Vaccines, Synthetic / administration & dosage
  • Vaccines, Synthetic / immunology
  • Vaccinia virus* / genetics
  • Vaccinia virus* / immunology
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • HIV Antibodies
  • AIDS Vaccines
  • Vaccines, DNA
  • Vaccines, Synthetic