Trastuzumab deruxtecan versus treatment of physician's choice in previously treated Asian patients with HER2-low unresectable/metastatic breast cancer: subgroup analysis of the DESTINY-Breast04 study

Breast Cancer. 2024 Sep;31(5):858-868. doi: 10.1007/s12282-024-01600-7. Epub 2024 Jun 17.

Abstract

Background: In the global phase 3 DESTINY-Breast04 study (NCT03734029), the anti-human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) antibody-drug conjugate trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), with manageable safety compared with treatment of physician's choice (TPC) in patients with HER2-low metastatic breast cancer (mBC) who had received 1-2 prior lines of chemotherapy.

Methods: This subgroup analysis examined the efficacy and safety of T-DXd versus TPC in 213 patients from Asian countries and regions who were enrolled in the DESTINY-Breast04 trial and randomized to T-DXd (n = 147) or TPC (n = 66).

Results: Median PFS with T-DXd and TPC was 10.9 and 5.3 months, respectively, in Asian patients with hormone receptor-positive mBC, and 10.9 and 4.6 months, respectively, in the overall Asian population. In both populations, median OS was not reached with T-DXd and was 19.9 months with TPC. The objective response rate was higher with T-DXd versus TPC in all Asian patients. Median treatment duration was 8.4 months with T-DXd and 3.5 months with TPC. The most common grade ≥ 3 drug-related treatment-emergent adverse events in Asian patients treated with T-DXd were neutropenia (16.3%), anemia (12.9%), and leukopenia (11.6%); the incidences of neutropenia and leukopenia were higher with TPC versus T-DXd. Adjudicated drug-related interstitial lung disease or pneumonitis with T-DXd was 14.3%; the majority of events were grade 1-2.

Conclusions: T-DXd demonstrated clinically meaningful survival benefits versus TPC in Asian HER2-low mBC patients, regardless of hormone receptor status, with no new safety signals.

Clinical trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03734029.

Keywords: Advanced breast cancer; Asia; HER2-low; Interstitial lung disease; Trastuzumab deruxtecan.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Clinical Trial, Phase III
  • Multicenter Study
  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological / therapeutic use
  • Asian People
  • Breast Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Breast Neoplasms* / mortality
  • Breast Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Camptothecin* / analogs & derivatives
  • Camptothecin* / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunoconjugates / adverse effects
  • Immunoconjugates / therapeutic use
  • Middle Aged
  • Progression-Free Survival
  • Receptor, ErbB-2* / metabolism
  • Trastuzumab* / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Trastuzumab
  • Receptor, ErbB-2
  • trastuzumab deruxtecan
  • ERBB2 protein, human
  • Camptothecin
  • Immunoconjugates
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03734029