The recent discovery of a promising pharmacological scaffold derived from carvacrol: A review

Rini Retnosari; Amatul Hamizah Ali; Satirah Zainalabidin; Azizah Ugusman; Natsuhisa Oka; Jalifah Latip

doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129826

The recent discovery of a promising pharmacological scaffold derived from carvacrol: A review

Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2024 Sep 1:109:129826. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129826. Epub 2024 Jun 1.

Authors

Rini Retnosari¹, Amatul Hamizah Ali², Satirah Zainalabidin³, Azizah Ugusman⁴, Natsuhisa Oka⁵, Jalifah Latip⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; International Joint Department of Materials Science and Engineering Between National University of Malaysia and Gifu University, Graduate School of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang No. 5 Malang, Indonesia.
² Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
³ Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies (CORE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
⁴ Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.
⁵ International Joint Department of Materials Science and Engineering Between National University of Malaysia and Gifu University, Graduate School of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research (COMIT), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
⁶ Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: jalifah@ukm.edu.my.

PMID: 38830427
DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129826

Abstract

Carvacrol, called CA, is a dynamic phytoconstituent characterized by a phenol ring abundantly sourced from various natural reservoirs. This versatile scaffold serves as a pivotal template for the design and synthesis of novel drug molecules, harboring promising biological activities. The active sites positioned at C-4, C-6, and the hydroxyl group (-OH) of CA offer fertile ground for creating potent drug candidates from a pharmacological standpoint. In this comprehensive review, we delve into diverse synthesis pathways and explore the biological activity of CA derivatives. We aim to illuminate the potential of these derivatives in discovering and developing efficacious treatments against a myriad of life-threatening diseases. By scrutinizing the structural modifications and pharmacophore placements that enhance the activity of CA derivatives, we aspire to inspire the innovation of novel therapeutics with heightened potency and effectiveness.

Keywords: Carvacrol; Pharmacological activities; Pharmacophore; Structural-activity relationship.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Cymenes* / chemical synthesis
Cymenes* / chemistry
Cymenes* / pharmacology
Drug Discovery*
Humans
Molecular Structure
Monoterpenes / chemical synthesis
Monoterpenes / chemistry
Monoterpenes / pharmacology
Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

carvacrol
Cymenes
Monoterpenes