Rome III Criteria Capture Higher Irritable Bowel Syndrome SNP-Heritability and Highlight a Novel Genetic Link With Cardiovascular Traits

Leticia Camargo Tavares; Esteban Alexander Lopera-Maya; Ferdinando Bonfiglio; Tenghao Zheng; Trishla Sinha; Francine Zanchetta Marques; Alexandra Zhernakova; Serena Sanna; Mauro D'Amato

doi:10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.04.002

Rome III Criteria Capture Higher Irritable Bowel Syndrome SNP-Heritability and Highlight a Novel Genetic Link With Cardiovascular Traits

Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2024;18(2):101345. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.04.002. Epub 2024 Apr 19.

Authors

Leticia Camargo Tavares¹, Esteban Alexander Lopera-Maya², Ferdinando Bonfiglio³, Tenghao Zheng⁴, Trishla Sinha², Francine Zanchetta Marques⁵, Alexandra Zhernakova², Serena Sanna⁶, Mauro D'Amato⁷

Affiliations

¹ School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia. Electronic address: leticia.camargotavares@monash.edu.
² Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
³ Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l., Naples, Italy.
⁴ School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
⁵ School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
⁶ Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Cagliari, Italy.
⁷ Gastrointestinal Genetics Lab, CIC bioGUNE - BRTA, Derio, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain; Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, Casamassima, Italy.

Abstract

Background & aims: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) shows genetic predisposition, and large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are emerging, based on heterogeneous disease definitions. We investigated the genetic architecture of IBS defined according to gold standard Rome Criteria.

Methods: We conducted GWAS meta-analyses of Rome III IBS and its subtypes in 24,735 IBS cases and 77,149 asymptomatic control subjects from 2 independent European cohorts (UK Biobank and Lifelines). Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability (h²_SNP) and genetic correlations (r_g) with other traits were calculated. IBS risk loci were functionally annotated to identify candidate genes. Sensitivity and conditional analyses were conducted to assess impact of confounders. Polygenic risk scores were computed and tested in independent datasets.

Results: Rome III IBS showed significant SNP-heritability (up to 13%) and similar genetic architecture across subtypes, including those with manifestations at the opposite ends of the symptom spectrum (r_g = 0.48 between IBS-D and IBS-C). Genetic correlations with other traits highlighted commonalities with family history of heart disease and hypertension, coronary artery disease, and angina pectoris (r_g = 0.20-0.45), among others. Four independent GWAS signals (P < 5×10^-8) were detected, including 2 novel loci for IBS (rs2035380) and IBS-mixed (rs2048419) that had been previously associated with hypertension and coronary artery disease. Functional annotation of GWAS risk loci revealed genes implicated in circadian rhythm (BMAL1), intestinal barrier (CLDN23), immunomodulation (MFHAS1), and the cyclic adenosine monophosphate pathway (ADCY2). Polygenic risk scores allowed the identification of individuals at increased risk of IBS (odds ratio, 1.34; P = 1.1×10^-3).

Conclusions: Rome III Criteria capture higher SNP-heritability than previously estimated for IBS. The identified link between IBS and cardiovascular traits may contribute to the delineation of alternative therapeutic strategies, warranting further investigation.

Keywords: CVD; Genetic Correlation; Genome-Wide Association Study; IBS.

Publication types

Meta-Analysis

MeSH terms

Adult
Cardiovascular Diseases / genetics
Case-Control Studies
Female
Genetic Predisposition to Disease*
Genome-Wide Association Study*
Humans
Irritable Bowel Syndrome* / genetics
Male
Middle Aged
Multifactorial Inheritance* / genetics
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide*