Nasolacrimal duct obstruction prevalence is 0.3% among alpacas evaluated with ophthalmic disease at a veterinary teaching hospital between 2000 and 2023

J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2024 Apr 19;262(7):1-6. doi: 10.2460/javma.23.10.0579. Print 2024 Jul 1.

Abstract

Objective: To examine the prevalence of nasolacrimal duct (NLD) obstruction in hospital populations and assess signalment, diagnostics, and clinical approaches for alpacas and llamas diagnosed with NLD atresia or obstruction.

Animals: 29 alpacas and 2 llamas.

Clinical presentation: Medical records were reviewed to identify camelids with NLD evaluated between 2000 and 2023. Signalment, history, physical examination data, diagnosis, and treatments were recorded. Follow-up information was gathered via phone and email questionnaire. Data were evaluated to determine prevalence and describe signalment and treatments for NLD disease.

Results: 31 camelids met the inclusion criteria. A total of 8,027 alpacas and 1,998 llamas were seen within the study period at 1 teaching institution. The prevalence of NLD obstruction for this population of alpacas was 0.3% (26/8,027). Nineteen of 31 (61%) camelids presented at 1 year of age or younger. The most common physical exam finding was ocular discharge (68%). The most common diagnosis was NLD atresia (16/31 [51%]). Patency was established by surgical opening or lavage of the NLD. Long-term follow-up was available for 13 alpacas and 2 llamas, of which 11 (73%) had successful outcomes.

Clinical relevance: Results indicate that NLD obstruction is a condition that most commonly affects alpacas < 1 year of age and is associated with a good prognosis for treatment success.

Keywords: alpacas; camelids; llamas; nasolacrimal duct; obstruction.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Camelids, New World*
  • Female
  • Hospitals, Animal
  • Lacrimal Duct Obstruction* / epidemiology
  • Lacrimal Duct Obstruction* / veterinary
  • Male
  • Nasolacrimal Duct / pathology
  • Prevalence
  • Retrospective Studies