A 42-year-old woman visited our hospital with complaints of fever, muscle pain, and dyspnea one week after receiving the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. Chest high-resolution computed tomography showed a patchy consolidation and ground-glass attenuation in the both lungs, consistent with acute interstitial pneumonia. Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy revealed organizing pneumonia with marked intra-alveolar fibrin, and pathologically diagnosed as acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia (AFOP). Other causative diseases such as dermatomyositis was clinically ruled out, and COVID-19 vaccine-induced AFOP was diagnosed. Physician should check the history of COVID-19 vaccination when encountering a case of AFOP with an unknown cause.
Keywords: Acute fibrinous organizing pneumonia; COVID-19; Dermatomyositis; Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy; Vaccination.
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