Objective: To review the research progress of new antibacterial hydrogels in the treatment of infected wounds in the field of biomedicine, in order to provide new methods and ideas for clinical treatment of infected wounds.
Methods: The research literature on antibacterial hydrogels at home and abroad was extensively reviewed in recent years, and the antibacterial hydrogels for the treatment of infected wounds were classified and summarized.
Results: Antibacterial hydrogels can be divided into three categories: inherent antibacterial hydrogels, antibacterial agent release hydrogels, and environmental response antibacterial hydrogels. The advantages and disadvantages of antibacterial materials, antibacterial mechanism, antibacterial ability, and biocompatibility were discussed respectively. Inherent antibacterial hydrogels have the characteristics of wide source, low cost, and simple preparation, but their antibacterial ability is relatively weak. New antimicrobial substances are added to antibacterial agent release hydrogels, such as antimicrobial peptides, metal ions, graphene materials, etc., providing a new therapeutic strategy for alternative antibiotic therapy. On the basis of the antibacterial material, environmental promoting factors such as photothermal effect, pH value, and magnetic force are added to the environmental response antibacterial hydrogels, which synergically enhances the antibacterial ability of the hydrogel, improves the precise regulation function and bionic effect of the hydrogel.
Conclusion: The selection of a variety of materials, the addition of a variety of antibacterial agents, and the effect of various promoting factors make composite hydrogels show multiple characteristics. The development of antibacterial hydrogels that can effectively address practical clinical applications remains a significant challenge. In the future, expanding the application range of antibacterial hydrogels, constructing drug-loaded hydrogels, and developing intelligent hydrogels are still new areas that need to be explored and studied.
目的: 对生物医学领域新兴抗菌水凝胶治疗感染创面的研究进展进行综述，旨在为临床治疗感染创面提供新的方法和思路。.
方法: 广泛查阅近年来国内外抗菌水凝胶的研究文献，对治疗感染创面的抗菌水凝胶进行分类和总结。.
结果: 抗菌水凝胶可以分为固有抗菌水凝胶、抗菌剂释放型水凝胶及环境响应型抗菌水凝胶3类，分别从抗菌材料、抗菌机制、抗菌能力、生物相容性等方面进行了优劣势探讨。固有抗菌水凝胶具有来源广、成本低、制备简单的特性，但抗菌能力相对较弱。抗菌剂释放型水凝胶引入了新的抗菌物质，如抗菌肽、金属离子、石墨烯材料等，为替代抗生素疗法提供了新的治疗策略。环境响应型抗菌水凝胶在抗菌材料基础上加入了光热效应、pH值、磁力等环境促进因素，协同增强了水凝胶的抗菌性能，提高了水凝胶的精准调控功能和仿生效果。.
结论: 多种材料的选择、多种抗菌剂的添加以及各种促进因素的作用，使复合抗菌水凝胶表现出多重特性。开发能够满足实际临床应用的抗菌水凝胶仍然是一个重大挑战，拓展抗菌水凝胶的应用范围、构建载药系统水凝胶、研发智能化水凝胶，仍是未来需要探索研究的新领域。.
Keywords: Antibacterial hydrogel; antibacterial agent; antibacterial material; infected wound.