Efficacy and Safety of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Agonists in a Retrospective Study of Patients With Familial Partial Lipodystrophy

Diabetes Care. 2024 Apr 1;47(4):653-659. doi: 10.2337/dc23-1614.

Abstract

Objective: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are widely used for the management of diabetes mellitus (DM), but their efficacy in familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD) is unknown. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the effect of GLP-1RA in patients with FPLD.

Research design and methods: We analyzed data, reported with SDs, from 14 patients with FPLD (aged 58 ± 12 years; 76.47% female) and 14 patients with type 2 DM (aged 58 ± 13 years; 71% female) before and 6 months after starting GLP-1RA.

Results: We observed reduction in weight (95 ± 23 to 91 ± 22 kg; P = 0.002), BMI (33 ± 6 to 31 ± 6 kg/m2; P = 0.001), HbA1c (8.2% ± 1.4% to 7.7% ± 1.4%; P = 0.02), and fasting glucose (186 ± 64 to 166 ± 53 mg/dL; P = 0.04) in patients with FPLD. The change in triglycerides after treatment was greater in the FPLD group compared with the DM group (P = 0.02). We noted acute pancreatitis in two case subjects with FPLD with longer therapy.

Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the relative safety and effectiveness of GLP-1RA in patients with FPLD.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Blood Glucose
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / chemically induced
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / drug therapy
  • Female
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor / agonists
  • Glycated Hemoglobin
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / adverse effects
  • Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial* / drug therapy
  • Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial* / genetics
  • Male
  • Pancreatitis* / chemically induced
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Blood Glucose
  • Glycated Hemoglobin
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor