Influenza and Viral Pneumonia

Rodrigo Cavallazzi; Julio A Ramirez

doi:10.1016/j.idc.2023.12.010

Influenza and Viral Pneumonia

Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2024 Mar;38(1):183-212. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2023.12.010.

Authors

Rodrigo Cavallazzi¹, Julio A Ramirez²

Affiliations

¹ Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Disorders, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA. Electronic address: r0cava01@louisville.edu.
² Norton Infectious Diseases Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, KY, USA.

PMID: 38280763
DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2023.12.010

Abstract

Influenza and other respiratory viruses are commonly identified in patients with community-acquired pneumonia, hospital-acquired pneumonia, and in immunocompromised patients with pneumonia. Clinically, it is difficult to differentiate viral from bacterial pneumonia. Similarly, the radiological findings of viral infection are in general nonspecific. The advent of polymerase chain reaction testing has enormously facilitated the identification of respiratory viruses, which has important implications for infection control measures and treatment. Currently, treatment options for patients with viral infection are limited but there is ongoing research on the development and clinical testing of new treatment regimens and strategies.

Keywords: Antiviral; Epidemiology; Influenza; Pneumonia; Polymerase chain reaction; Symptoms; Virus.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Community-Acquired Infections* / diagnosis
Community-Acquired Infections* / drug therapy
Community-Acquired Infections* / epidemiology
Humans
Influenza, Human* / diagnosis
Influenza, Human* / drug therapy
Influenza, Human* / epidemiology
Pneumonia, Bacterial* / microbiology
Pneumonia, Viral* / diagnosis
Pneumonia, Viral* / epidemiology
Pneumonia, Viral* / therapy
Virus Diseases*
Viruses*