The glycoimmune checkpoint receptor Siglec-7 interacts with T-cell ligands and regulates T-cell activation

J Biol Chem. 2024 Feb;300(2):105579. doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105579. Epub 2023 Dec 21.

Abstract

Siglec-7 (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 7) is a glycan-binding immune receptor that is emerging as a significant target of interest for cancer immunotherapy. The physiological ligands that bind Siglec-7, however, remain incompletely defined. In this study, we characterized the expression of Siglec-7 ligands on peripheral immune cell subsets and assessed whether Siglec-7 functionally regulates interactions between immune cells. We found that disialyl core 1 O-glycans are the major immune ligands for Siglec-7 and that these ligands are particularly highly expressed on naïve T-cells. Densely glycosylated sialomucins are the primary carriers of these glycans, in particular a glycoform of the cell-surface marker CD43. Biosynthesis of Siglec-7-binding glycans is dynamically controlled on different immune cell subsets through a genetic circuit involving the glycosyltransferase GCNT1. Siglec-7 blockade was found to increase activation of both primary T-cells and antigen-presenting dendritic cells in vitro, indicating that Siglec-7 binds T-cell glycans to regulate intraimmune signaling. Finally, we present evidence that Siglec-7 directly activates signaling pathways in T-cells, suggesting a new biological function for this receptor. These studies conclusively demonstrate the existence of a novel Siglec-7-mediated signaling axis that physiologically regulates T-cell activity. Going forward, our findings have significant implications for the design and implementation of therapies targeting immunoregulatory Siglec receptors.

Keywords: Siglecs; T-cells; glycobiology; immunology; lectins; sialic acid.

MeSH terms

  • Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic* / genetics
  • Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic* / immunology
  • Cell Polarity / genetics
  • Gene Expression Regulation / genetics
  • Gene Expression Regulation / immunology
  • Humans
  • Ligands*
  • Lymphocyte Activation* / genetics
  • Lymphocyte Activation* / immunology
  • N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases / genetics
  • N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases / metabolism
  • Polysaccharides / metabolism
  • Protein Binding
  • Signal Transduction
  • T-Lymphocytes* / immunology

Substances

  • Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic
  • Ligands
  • N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases
  • Polysaccharides
  • SIGLEC7 protein, human