Frontonasal Encephalocele Complicated With Pseudotumor Cerebri: A Case Report and Literature Review

Cureus. 2023 Sep 18;15(9):e45509. doi: 10.7759/cureus.45509. eCollection 2023 Sep.

Abstract

Primary pseudotumor cerebri syndrome (PPTS) is a rare disorder of elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) in the absence of an identifiable underlying etiology. Afflicted patients are usually obese women in their reproductive age presenting with symptoms of elevated ICP. Seldom, patients can present with an encephalocele. We reported a case of a 31-year-old female who initially presented to our center with complaints of headaches, foreign body sensation in the nasal cavity, and decreased ability to smell. Brain computed tomography (CT) scan showed a large intranasal encephalocele and defect along the frontal skull base, through which brain tissue was herniating. The patient was successfully treated surgically by implantation of a lumboperitoneal shunt to manage the high ICP caused by her PPTS. In combination, reconstruction of the frontal skull base defect for the encephalocele was performed. Currently, the patient is doing well despite some on-and-off headaches.

Keywords: case report; encephalocele; frontal skull base reconstruction; frontonasal encephalocele; idiopathic intracranial hypertension; literature review; pseudotumor cerebri syndrome.

Publication types

  • Case Reports