MDS/CMML from resource-limited region: Characteristics and comparison to tertiary reference European center

Eur J Haematol. 2024 Feb;112(2):296-300. doi: 10.1111/ejh.14115. Epub 2023 Oct 11.

Abstract

Introduction: Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) and Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML) are clonal myeloid malignancies, characterized by bone marrow failure leading to cytopenias (and possible myeloproliferation for CMML) and a high propensity to evolve to Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML).

Objective and methods: The aim of our retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical and hematological features; the prevalence of MDS subtypes, R-IPSS, and the outcome of 106 Armenian MDS/CMML patients diagnosed over the 2008-2020 period in a single Armenian Hematology center and compare them to French MDS patients included in the GFM registry.

Results: Median age in the Armenian cohort was 64 years (range 19-84) and 55% were males. The main MDS subtypes were MDS-MLD (29.2%) and MDS-SLD (27.3%), the least frequent was del 5q (0.9%). By comparison, a higher prevalence of MDS-MLD, MDS-EB2, and MDS-RS was found in the French cohort. Armenian patients' cohort generally had poor access to standard MDS treatment and 42.3% of the patients were transfusion dependent. Overall survival, however, did not significantly differ between Armenian and French cohorts.

Conclusion: Our study stresses issues regarding epidemiology, access to diagnosis, difficulties of risk stratification, and access to treatment.

Keywords: MDS classification; MDS treatment; myelodysplastyc syndrome incidence.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Bone Marrow Failure Disorders
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* / diagnosis
  • Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic* / diagnosis
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myelodysplastic Syndromes* / diagnosis
  • Myelodysplastic Syndromes* / epidemiology
  • Myelodysplastic Syndromes* / etiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Young Adult