Hundred-fold increase in SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody levels over three years in a hospital clinical laboratory

Microbiol Spectr. 2023 Dec 12;11(6):e0218323. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.02183-23. Epub 2023 Oct 9.

Abstract

Despite the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and ongoing transmission, COVID-19 hospitalization and mortality rates continue to decline. Both the percent seropositive and antibody levels have risen over the past 3 years. Here, we observe more than 90% seropositivity as well as more than a hundred-fold increase in spike IgG levels in a tertiary hospital clinical immunology laboratory setting. Antibody effector functions (such as neutralization, opsonization, and complement activation) and cell-mediated immunity all contribute to protection from COVID-19 progression to hospitalization, and all correlate to the total SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels. We recommend therapeutic COVID-19 convalescent plasma be restricted to the top 20% of potential donors to maintain activity against ongoing SARS-CoV-2 variant evolution.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; plasma donor transfusions; serologic population kinetics.

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • COVID-19 Serotherapy
  • COVID-19*
  • Humans
  • Laboratories, Clinical
  • Laboratories, Hospital*
  • SARS-CoV-2 / genetics
  • Tertiary Care Centers

Substances

  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing

Supplementary concepts

  • SARS-CoV-2 variants