Black Emerging Adults With Uncontrolled Asthma: A Qualitative Study

J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2024 Feb;12(2):355-360.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.09.039. Epub 2023 Oct 4.

Abstract

Rationale: Asthma morbidity and mortality are disproportionately high in the Black population, especially among Black emerging adults (BEAs) (age 18-30 years). Few studies have been done to identify unique challenges to asthma care in BEAs.

Objective: To assess the challenges and barriers to asthma care BEAs experience.

Methods: We conducted virtual focus groups consisting of BEAs (n = 16) with a physician diagnosis of asthma. Discussion questions regarding asthma triggers, management, and challenges were used. Focus group discussions were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The transcripts were then coded by 3 coders using a thematic saturation approach.

Results: Seven major domains were identified: heightened anxiety around asthma management; asthma symptoms interfering with school and/or work; asthma in social group setting; transitioning to adulthood leading to increased autonomy and financial independence; use of technology in asthma management; concerns regarding coronavirus disease 2019; and perceived discrimination and biases. These domains create complex barriers to optimal asthma management and overlapping elements were identified. Technology was described as a potential method to address these challenges.

Conclusions: BEAs with asthma have unique challenges due to age and race. Physicians should address these challenges through innovative means such as technology-based interventions.

Keywords: Asthma; Asthma disparities; Black emerging adults; COVID-19; Discrimination; Health disparities; Technology; Young adults.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Asthma* / diagnosis
  • Asthma* / epidemiology
  • Asthma* / ethnology
  • Asthma* / therapy
  • Black People / statistics & numerical data
  • Health Services Accessibility* / economics
  • Health Services Accessibility* / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Physicians
  • Qualitative Research
  • Schools
  • Young Adult