Identification of novel angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides from Pacific saury: In vivo antihypertensive effect and transport route

Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Jan;254(Pt 1):127196. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127196. Epub 2023 Oct 2.

Abstract

Nature food-derived angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory peptides (ACEIPs) can be potent and safe therapeutics for many medical illnesses, particularly hypertension. In this study, novel ACEIPs were screened and identified from Pacific saury by bio-activity guided approach through ultrafiltration membrane, Sephadex G-25 and RP-HPLC. The antihypertensive effect of ultrafiltration fraction was confirmed with spontaneous hypertensive rats' (SHRs) model. The peptides sequences of which gave the best activity was identified by Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS and selectively synthesized based on the binding energy of molecular docking. Five peptides VVLASLK, LTLK, LEPWR, ELPPK and LPTEK were synthesized, and the peptide LEPWR (IC50 = 99.5 μM) showed the best ACE inhibitory ability. Furthermore, LEPWR against ACE in a mixed competitive pattern and formed six hydrogen bonds with ACE. Additionally, the apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) of LEPWR was 3.56 ± 0.14 × 10-6 cm/s and paracellular transport across tight junctions was the main pathway across the Caco-2 monolayer. Therefore, the Pacific saury is a good material to prepare ACEIPs, but antihypertensive mechanism of peptide LEPWR on SHRs needs further investigation.

Keywords: ACE inhibitory peptide; Caco-2 cell monolayers; Isolation and purification; Molecular docking; Pacific saury.

MeSH terms

  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Animals
  • Antihypertensive Agents* / chemistry
  • Caco-2 Cells
  • Humans
  • Hypertension* / drug therapy
  • Molecular Docking Simulation
  • Peptides / chemistry
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / metabolism
  • Rats
  • Rats, Inbred SHR
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Substances

  • Antihypertensive Agents
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
  • Peptides