Ferroptosis contributes to cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

Zhimin Mao; Kun Zhong; Xiaojun Liu; Xuhui Zeng

doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110701

Ferroptosis contributes to cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

Chem Biol Interact. 2023 Oct 1:384:110701. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110701. Epub 2023 Sep 9.

Authors

Zhimin Mao¹, Kun Zhong², Xiaojun Liu², Xuhui Zeng³

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. Electronic address: maozhimin@ntu.edu.cn.
² Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
³ Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. Electronic address: zengxuhui@ntu.edu.cn.

PMID: 37690746
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110701

Abstract

Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is extensively used in tumor therapy, but its clinical application is limited by its toxic effects on the bladder. Since CYP-induced cystitis is believed to be mediated by acrolein (ACR), a product of lipid peroxidation that triggers ferroptosis, we hypothesized that ferroptosis might be an essential molecular mechanism underlying CYP-induced cystitis. The purpose of this study was to test this hypothesis. Intraperitoneal injection of CYP led to bladder hemorrhage and edema, along with increased oxidation, inflammation, and cell injury. Further analysis revealed these changes were associated with altered ferroptosis markers in the bladder, such as FPN1, ACSL4, SLC7A11, and GPX4, indicating the existence of ferroptosis. Administration of ferroptosis inhibitor dexrazoxane (DXZ) improved ferroptosis and prevented CYP-induced pathological changes in the bladder. Collectively, our study revealed that ferroptosis is an important mechanism underlying CYP-induced cystitis, and therapeutic approaches targeting ferroptosis could be developed to treat CYP-induced cystitis.

Keywords: Acrolein; Cyclophosphamide; Cystitis; Ferroptosis; Oxidative stress.