Adipocyte-Derived PXR Signaling Is Dispensable for Diet-Induced Obesity and Metabolic Disorders in Mice

Abstract

Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a xenobiotic receptor that can be activated by numerous chemicals including endogenous hormones, dietary steroids, pharmaceutical agents, and environmental chemicals. PXR has been established to function as a xenobiotic sensor to coordinately regulate xenobiotic metabolism by regulating the expression of many enzymes and transporters required for xenobiotic metabolism. Recent studies have implicated a potentially important role for PXR in obesity and metabolic disease beyond xenobiotic metabolism, but how PXR action in different tissues or cell types contributes to obesity and metabolic disorders remains elusive. To investigate the role of adipocyte PXR in obesity, we generated a novel adipocyte-specific PXR deficient mouse model (PXR^ΔAd). Notably, we found that loss of adipocyte PXR did not affect food intake, energy expenditure, and obesity in high-fat diet-fed male mice. PXR^ΔAd mice also had similar obesity-associated metabolic disorders including insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis as control littermates. PXR deficiency in adipocytes did not affect expression of key adipose genes in PXR^ΔAd mice. Our findings suggest that adipocyte PXR signaling may be dispensable in diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders in mice. Further studies are needed to understand the role of PXR signaling in obesity and metabolic disorders in the future. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The authors demonstrate that deficiency of adipocyte pregnane X receptor (PXR) does not affect diet-induced obesity or metabolic disorders in mice and infers that adipocyte PXR signaling may not play a key role in diet-induced obesity. More studies are needed to understand the tissue-specific role of PXR in obesity.