Emotion self-stigma as a unique predictor of help-seeking intentions: A comparative analysis of early adolescents and young adults

Psychol Psychother. 2023 Sep;96(3):762-777. doi: 10.1111/papt.12467. Epub 2023 Apr 18.

Abstract

Objectives: There has been limited consideration of the role emotion self-stigma (i.e. beliefs that experiencing and expressing so called 'negative' emotions are unacceptable) may play in help-seeking for emotional distress. This study is the first to investigate whether emotion self-stigma uniquely predicts help-seeking intentions across two key emotion vulnerability periods in development: (a) early adolescence and (b) young adulthood.

Methods and design: Cross-sectional data were collected from secondary school (n = 510; M age = 13.96 years) and university students (n = 473; M age = 19.19 years) residing in Australia. Both samples completed measures online examining demographic characteristics, emotional competence, mental health and help-seeking stigma, emotion self-stigma, and help-seeking intentions. The Data were analysed using hierarchical multiple regression.

Results: Emotion self-stigma was a significant unique predictor of help-seeking intentions in young adults but not adolescents. The strength of the relationship between increased emotion self-stigma and lowered help-seeking intentions was similar for both males and females, regardless of developmental period.

Conclusions: Addressing emotion self-stigma alongside mental illness and help-seeking stigma may be useful to improve help-seeking outcomes, particularly as young people transition into early adulthood.

Keywords: adolescence; beliefs about emotion; early intervention; help-seeking; mental health; stigma.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Emotions
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intention*
  • Male
  • Mental Disorders* / psychology
  • Mental Disorders* / therapy
  • Patient Acceptance of Health Care / psychology
  • Social Stigma
  • Young Adult