Application prospect of circular RNA-based neoantigen vaccine in tumor immunotherapy

Mohan Li; Yian Wang; Pan Wu; Shanshan Zhang; Zhaojian Gong; Qianjin Liao; Can Guo; Fuyan Wang; Yong Li; Zhaoyang Zeng; Qijia Yan; Wei Xiong

doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216190

Application prospect of circular RNA-based neoantigen vaccine in tumor immunotherapy

Cancer Lett. 2023 Jun 1:563:216190. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216190. Epub 2023 Apr 14.

Authors

Mohan Li¹, Yian Wang², Pan Wu³, Shanshan Zhang⁴, Zhaojian Gong⁵, Qianjin Liao⁶, Can Guo³, Fuyan Wang³, Yong Li³, Zhaoyang Zeng⁷, Qijia Yan⁸, Wei Xiong⁹

Affiliations

¹ NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China; Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China.
² Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
³ Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China.
⁴ Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China.
⁵ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
⁶ NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.
⁷ NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China.
⁸ NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China; Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China. Electronic address: yanqijia77@126.com.
⁹ NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China. Electronic address: xiongwei@csu.edu.cn.

PMID: 37062328
DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216190

Abstract

Neoantigen is a protein produced by mutant gene, which is only expressed in tumor cells. It is an ideal target for therapeutic tumor vaccines. Although synthetic long peptide (SLP)-based neoantigen vaccine, DNA-based neoantigen vaccine, and mRNA-based neoantigen vaccine are all in the development stage, they have some inherent shortcomings. Therefore, researchers turned their attention to a new type of "non-coding RNA (ncRNA)", circular RNA (circRNA), for potential better choice. Because of its unique high stability and protein-coding capacity, circRNA is a promising target in the field of neoantigen vaccine. In this paper, we reviewed the feasibility of circRNA encoding neoantigens, summarized the construction process, explained the mechanism of circRNA vaccine in vitro, and discussed the advantages and disadvantages of circRNA vaccine and possible combination with other immunotherapies.

Keywords: Neoantigen; Peptide; Tumor immunity; Vaccine; circRNA.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Antigens, Neoplasm
Cancer Vaccines* / genetics
Cancer Vaccines* / therapeutic use
Humans
Immunotherapy / methods
Neoplasms* / drug therapy
Neoplasms* / therapy
RNA, Circular / genetics
Vaccines, DNA*

Substances

Antigens, Neoplasm
RNA, Circular
Cancer Vaccines
Vaccines, DNA