Low parental numeracy and severe asthma exacerbations in a prospective study of Puerto Rican youth

Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2023 Jun;130(6):791-796.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2023.03.004. Epub 2023 Mar 8.

Abstract

Background: Numeracy is the mathematical knowledge required to understand and act on instructions from health care providers. Whether persistently low parental numeracy is linked to childhood asthma exacerbations is unknown.

Objective: To evaluate whether low parental numeracy at 2 time points is associated with asthma exacerbations and worse lung function in Puerto Rican youth.

Methods: Prospective study of 225 youth with asthma in San Juan (PR) who participated in 2 visits approximately 5.3 years apart, with the first at ages 6 to 14 years and the second at ages 9 to 20 years. Parental numeracy was assessed with a modified version of the Asthma Numeracy Questionnaire (score range = 0-3 points), and persistently low parental numeracy was defined as a score less than or equal to 1 point at both visits. Asthma exacerbation outcomes included more than or equal to 1 emergency department (ED) visit, more than or equal to 1 hospitalization, and more than or equal to 1 severe exacerbation (≥1 ED visit or ≥1 hospitalization) for asthma in the year before the second visit. Spirometry was conducted using an EasyOne spirometer (NDD Medical Technologies, Andover, Massachusetts).

Results: In an analysis adjusting for age, sex, parental education, use of inhaled corticosteroids, and the time between study visits, persistently low parental numeracy was associated with more than or equal to 1 ED visit for asthma (odds ratio [ORs], 2.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-4.26), more than or equal to 1 hospitalization for asthma (OR, 3.92; 95% CI, 1.42-10.84), and more than or equal to 1 severe asthma exacerbation (OR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.01-3.87) in the year before the follow-up visit. Persistently low parental numeracy was not significantly associated with change in lung function measures.

Conclusion: Persistently low parental numeracy is associated with asthma exacerbation outcomes in Puerto Rican youth.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones
  • Asthma* / epidemiology
  • Asthma* / ethnology
  • Child
  • Disease Progression
  • Health Literacy
  • Hispanic or Latino
  • Humans
  • Parents
  • Prospective Studies
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones