Improvement of glycaemic control and treatment satisfaction by switching from liraglutide or dulaglutide to subcutaneous semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes: A multicentre, prospective, randomized, open-label, parallel-group comparison study (SWITCH-SEMA 1 study)

Diabetes Obes Metab. 2023 Jun;25(6):1503-1511. doi: 10.1111/dom.14998. Epub 2023 Feb 28.

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the effects of switching from liraglutide or dulaglutide to once-weekly semaglutide on glycaemic control and treatment satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Materials and methods: In this multicentre, open-labelled, prospective, randomized, parallel-group comparison study, patients treated with liraglutide 0.9-1.8 mg/day (plan A) or dulaglutide 0.75 mg/week (plan B) were either switched to semaglutide or continued current therapy. The primary endpoint was the mean change in glycated haemoglobin over 24 weeks. The secondary endpoints included the changes of Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire scores, body weight and metabolic indices.

Results: In total, 110 patients were enrolled, and 10 were excluded; therefore, 37 patients in plan A and 63 patients in plan B completed the study. Glycated haemoglobin levels were significantly reduced in the semaglutide group in both plans [plan A, 7.8% ± 1.0% to 7.8% ± 0.7% (liraglutide) vs. 7.9% ± 0.7% to 7.3% ± 0.7% (semaglutide), p < .01; plan B, 7.8% ± 1.0% to 7.9% ± 1.2% (dulaglutide) vs. 7.8% ± 0.8% to 7.1% ± 0.6% (semaglutide), p < .01]. Semaglutide also improved Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire scores in both groups (plan A, +0.1 vs. +8.3, p < .01; plan B, -1.2 vs. +3.5, p < .01). Switching from dulaglutide yielded greater reductions in body weight and improved metabolic parameters.

Conclusions: Once-weekly semaglutide administration improved glycaemic control and treatment satisfaction after switching from liraglutide or dulaglutide. These results highlighted a useful treatment option for patients with metabolic abnormalities despite glucagon-like receptor-1 receptor agonist treatment.

Keywords: GLP-1 analogue; clinical trial; dulaglutide; liraglutide; semaglutide; type 2 diabetes.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Body Weight
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / chemically induced
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / drug therapy
  • Glucagon-Like Peptides / adverse effects
  • Glycated Hemoglobin
  • Glycemic Control
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / adverse effects
  • Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments / adverse effects
  • Liraglutide / adverse effects
  • Patient Satisfaction
  • Personal Satisfaction
  • Prospective Studies
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / adverse effects

Substances

  • Liraglutide
  • semaglutide
  • dulaglutide
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Glycated Hemoglobin
  • Glucagon-Like Peptides
  • Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins