Distinct Genetically Determined Origins of Myd88/BCL2-Driven Aggressive Lymphoma Rationalize Targeted Therapeutic Intervention Strategies

Blood Cancer Discov. 2023 Jan 6;4(1):78-97. doi: 10.1158/2643-3230.BCD-22-0007.

Abstract

Genomic profiling revealed the identity of at least 5 subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), including the MCD/C5 cluster characterized by aberrations in MYD88, BCL2, PRDM1, and/or SPIB. We generated mouse models harboring B cell-specific Prdm1 or Spib aberrations on the background of oncogenic Myd88 and Bcl2 lesions. We deployed whole-exome sequencing, transcriptome, flow-cytometry, and mass cytometry analyses to demonstrate that Prdm1- or Spib-altered lymphomas display molecular features consistent with prememory B cells and light-zone B cells, whereas lymphomas lacking these alterations were enriched for late light-zone and plasmablast-associated gene sets. Consistent with the phenotypic evidence for increased B cell receptor signaling activity in Prdm1-altered lymphomas, we demonstrate that combined BTK/BCL2 inhibition displays therapeutic activity in mice and in five of six relapsed/refractory DLBCL patients. Moreover, Prdm1-altered lymphomas were immunogenic upon transplantation into immuno-competent hosts, displayed an actionable PD-L1 surface expression, and were sensitive to antimurine-CD19-CAR-T cell therapy, in vivo.

Significance: Relapsed/refractory DLBCL remains a major medical challenge, and most of these patients succumb to their disease. Here, we generated mouse models, faithfully recapitulating the biology of MYD88-driven human DLBCL. These models revealed robust preclinical activity of combined BTK/BCL2 inhibition. We confirmed activity of this regimen in pretreated non-GCB-DLBCL patients. See related commentary by Leveille et al., p. 8. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1.

Publication types

  • Editorial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • B-Lymphocytes
  • Humans
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse* / genetics
  • Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse* / therapy
  • Mice
  • Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88* / genetics
  • Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88* / metabolism
  • Plasma Cells / metabolism
  • Plasma Cells / pathology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
  • BCL2 protein, human
  • Myd88 protein, mouse