Current situation of robotics in knee prosthetic surgery, a technology that has come to stay?

Abstract

Robotic surgery is a surgical technique that is on the rise. The goal of robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (RA-TKA) is to provide the surgeon with a tool to accurately execute bone cuts according to previous surgical planning to restore knee kinematics and balance of soft tissue, being able to precisely apply the type of alignment that we choose. In addition, RA-TKA is a very useful tool for training. Within the limitations, there is the learning curve, the need for specific equipment, the high cost of the devices, the increase in radiation in some systems and that each robot is linked to a specific type of implant. Current studies show, with RA-TKA, variations in the alignment of the mechanical axis are reduced, postoperative pain is improved and earlier discharge is facilitated. On the other hand, there are no differences in terms of range of motion, alignment, gap balance, complications, surgical time or functional results.

Keywords: Actualización; Actualization; Artroplastia total de rodilla (ATR); Artroplastia total de rodilla asistida por robot (ATRar); Robotic-assisted knee arthroplasty (RA-TKA); Robotics; Robótica; Total knee arthroplasty (TKA).