Detection of intestinal parasites in human faecal samples using dissolved air flotation

Trop Med Int Health. 2022 Dec;27(12):1044-1052. doi: 10.1111/tmi.13827. Epub 2022 Nov 1.

Abstract

Objective: Ova and parasite (O&P) examination is recommended for the laboratory diagnosis of agents causing parasitic infections; however, this exam requires scientific and technological improvements to enhance its diagnostic validity. Dissolved air flotation (DAF) is an efficient technical principle separating suspended solids in a liquid medium. We aimed to develop and validate a new procedure for intestinal parasite detection with DAF.

Methods: In this study, we collected samples from 500 volunteers, screened them by direct examination, and transferred the material to tubes using the Three Faecal Test (TF-Test) for triplicate DAF tests. We evaluated physical-chemical parameters and DAF prototype components through quantifying parasites recovered from floated and non-floated regions of the flotation column. The DAF operation protocol was validated with the gold standard results.

Results: The 10% saturated volume proportion and cationic surfactant showed regularity and high parasite recovery (80%). Modifications of the needle device did not influence parasite recovery (p > 0.05). Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and kappa agreement obtained with the DAF protocol were 91%, 100%, 93% and substantial (k = 0.64), respectively.

Conclusion: The DAF principle could be used to process faecal samples in routine laboratory exams, enabling intestinal parasite detection.

Keywords: diagnostic techniques and procedures; flotation; parasitic diseases; parasitology.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Clinical Laboratory Techniques
  • Feces / parasitology
  • Humans
  • Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic* / diagnosis
  • Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic* / parasitology
  • Parasites*