Deficiency of the Src homology phosphatase 2 in podocytes is associated with renoprotective effects in mice under hyperglycemia

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a significant complication of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Hyperglycemia-induced dysfunction of the glomerular podocytes is a major contributor to the deterioration of renal function in DN. Previously, we demonstrated that podocyte-specific disruption of the Src homology phosphatase 2 (Shp2) ameliorated lipopolysaccharide-induced renal injury. This study aims to evaluate the contribution of Shp2 to podocyte function under hyperglycemia and explore the molecular underpinnings. We report elevated Shp2 in the E11 podocyte cell line under high glucose and the kidney under streptozotocin- and high-fat diet-induced hyperglycemia. Consistently, Shp2 disruption in podocytes was associated with partial renoprotective effects under hyperglycemia, as evidenced by the preserved renal function. At the molecular level, Shp2 deficiency was associated with altered renal insulin signaling and diminished hyperglycemia-induced renal endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Additionally, Shp2 knockdown in E11 podocytes mimicked the in vivo deficiency of this phosphatase and ameliorated the deleterious impact of high glucose, whereas Shp2 reconstitution reversed these effects. Moreover, Shp2 deficiency attenuated high glucose-induced E11 podocyte migration. Further, we identified the protein tyrosine kinase FYN as a putative mediator of Shp2 signaling in podocytes under high glucose. Collectively, these findings suggest that Shp2 inactivation may afford protection to podocytes under hyperglycemia and highlight this phosphatase as a potential target to ameliorate glomerular dysfunction in DN.

Keywords: Diabetic nephropathy; Endoplasmic reticulum stress; FYN; Fibrosis; Hyperglycemia; Inflammation; Podocyte; Src homology phosphatase 2.