Relationship Between Hypovitaminosis D and Fractures Among Adolescents With Overweight or Obesity

Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2023 Feb;62(2):107-114. doi: 10.1177/00099228221112461. Epub 2022 Jul 26.

Abstract

Adolescents with overweight/obesity are at risk for vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency. Both overweight/obesity and vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency may predispose to fractures. We enrolled 103 participants (53.3% females, 15.9 ± 2.2 years) in a retrospective case-control study to determine whether an association exists between fractures and a low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) among adolescents whose body mass index (BMI) ≥ 85 percentile. Cases (n = 28) sustaining a low/medium impact fracture were matched to controls (n = 75) without a fracture history. A conditional-logistic regression analysis addressing the common vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency cutoffs was used. Overweight, obesity, and significant obesity rates were 10.7%, 53.4%, and 35.9%, respectively. Mean (±SD) 25(OH)D was 16.5 ± 6.4 ng/mL. In all, 25(OH)D insufficiency rates (level <20 ng/mL) were 70.5%. Matched cases and controls had similar 25(OH)D insufficiency/deficiency rates (P > .05). Controlling for race and seasonality showed no association between fractures and 25(OH)D insufficiency/deficiency (P > .05). These data suggest that fractures are not associated with low 25(OH)D levels among adolescents whose BMI ≥ 85th percentile.

Keywords: adolescents; body mass index; bone; fractures; obesity; overweight; vitamin D.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Body Mass Index
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Female
  • Fractures, Bone* / complications
  • Fractures, Bone* / etiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Obesity / complications
  • Obesity / epidemiology
  • Overweight / complications
  • Overweight / epidemiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Rickets*
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin D Deficiency* / complications
  • Vitamin D Deficiency* / epidemiology

Substances

  • Vitamin D