Unequal Access to Testing and Vaccination Services for the Homeless and Undocumented Population During COVID-19 Pandemic

Int J Public Health. 2022 Jun 14:67:1604851. doi: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604851. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

Objectives: To furnish a model to ensure access and use of healthcare services to the undocumented and homeless population. Methods: Between March 2020 and October 2021, public and third sector actors in Rome implemented an accessible COVID-19 screening service and vaccination program targeting the homeless and undocumented population. Results: 95.6% of the patients tested negative to both rapid and molecular tests. 0.9% tested positive to both. 0.7% were false negatives, while 2.8% were false positives. None of the participants refused the diagnostic treatment. From July to October 2021, 1384 people received a complete cycle of the COVID-19 vaccine through the program. 632 (45.6%) also agreed to perform the antibodies testing before inoculation. 318 (50.31%) of these were positive at the time of vaccination. Conclusion: We present a cost-effective model for reducing structural barriers to access diagnostic and preventive services for the homeless and undocumented population that can be applied to different public health settings.

Keywords: COVID-19; access to health care; equity; healthcare delivery; homelessness; inequalities; inequities.

MeSH terms

  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • COVID-19* / diagnosis
  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • COVID-19* / prevention & control
  • Humans
  • Ill-Housed Persons*
  • Pandemics
  • Vaccination

Substances

  • COVID-19 Vaccines