The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c relieves hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in gestational diabetes mellitus

Pharmacol Res. 2022 Jan:175:105987. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105987. Epub 2021 Nov 17.

Abstract

The most common complication during pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), can cause adverse pregnancy outcomes and result in the mother and infant having a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes after pregnancy. However, existing therapies for GDM remain scant, with the most common being lifestyle intervention and appropriate insulin treatment. MOTS-c, a mitochondrial-derived peptide, can target skeletal muscle and enhance glucose metabolism. Here, we demonstrate that MOTS-c can be an effective treatment for GDM. A GDM mouse model was established by short term high-fat diet combined with low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) treatment while MOTS-c was administrated daily during pregnancy. GDM symptoms such as blood glucose and insulin levels, glucose and insulin tolerance, as well as reproductive outcomes were investigated. MOTS-c significantly alleviated hyperglycemia, improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, and reduced birth weight and the death of offspring induced by GDM. Similar to a previous study, MOTS-c also could activate insulin sensitivity in the skeletal muscle of GDM mice and elevate glucose uptake in vitro. In addition, we found that MOTS-c protects pancreatic β-cell from STZ-mediated injury. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that MOTS-c could be a promising strategy for the treatment of GDM.

Keywords: GDM; MOTS-c; Skeletal muscle; β-cell.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adiponectin / blood
  • Animals
  • Birth Weight / drug effects
  • Blood Glucose / drug effects
  • Cell Line
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / drug therapy*
  • Diabetes, Gestational / blood*
  • Diabetes, Gestational / drug therapy*
  • Female
  • Hyperglycemia / blood
  • Hyperglycemia / drug therapy*
  • Insulin / blood
  • Insulin Resistance
  • Insulin-Secreting Cells / drug effects
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mitochondrial Proteins / therapeutic use*
  • Muscle, Skeletal / drug effects
  • Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism
  • Pregnancy

Substances

  • Adiponectin
  • Blood Glucose
  • Insulin
  • MOTS-c peptide, human
  • Mitochondrial Proteins