Subclinical Atrial Fibrillation: A Silent Threat with Uncertain Implications

Annu Rev Med. 2022 Jan 27:73:355-362. doi: 10.1146/annurev-med-042420-105906. Epub 2021 Nov 17.

Abstract

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common cardiac arrhythmias. Implantable and wearable cardiac devices have enabled the detection of asymptomatic AF episodes-termed subclinical AF (SCAF). SCAF, the prevalence of which is likely significantly underestimated, is associated with increased cardiovascular and all-cause mortality and a significant stroke risk. Recent advances in machine learning, namely artificial intelligence-enabled ECG (AI-ECG), have enabled identification of patients at higher likelihood of SCAF. Leveraging the capabilities of AI-ECG algorithms to drive screening protocols could eventually allow for earlier detection and treatment and help reduce the burden associated with AF.

Keywords: ECG; artificial intelligence; atrial fibrillation; convolutional neural network; deep neural network; electrocardiogram; machine learning; sinus rhythm.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Atrial Fibrillation* / diagnosis
  • Atrial Fibrillation* / epidemiology
  • Electrocardiography
  • Humans
  • Wearable Electronic Devices*